Year Published
- 2008 (1) Apply 2008 filter
- 2009 (18) Apply 2009 filter
- 2010 (34) Apply 2010 filter
- (-) Remove 2011 filter 2011
- 2012 (18) Apply 2012 filter
- 2013 (11) Apply 2013 filter
- 2014 (8) Apply 2014 filter
- (-) Remove 2015 filter 2015
- 2016 (6) Apply 2016 filter
- 2017 (8) Apply 2017 filter
- 2018 (2) Apply 2018 filter
- 2019 (3) Apply 2019 filter
- 2020 (1) Apply 2020 filter
- 2021 (1) Apply 2021 filter
Research Topics
Populations
Types of Research
Geography
- East Africa Region and Selected Countries (5) Apply East Africa Region and Selected Countries filter
- Global (2) Apply Global filter
- South Asia Region and Selected Countries (7) Apply South Asia Region and Selected Countries filter
- Southern Africa Region and Selected Countries (0)
- Sub-Saharan Africa (9) Apply Sub-Saharan Africa filter
- West Africa Region and Selected Countries (0)
Dataset
Current search
- (-) Remove Health filter Health
- (-) Remove Research & Development filter Research & Development
- (-) Remove Information & Mobile Technology filter Information & Mobile Technology
- (-) Remove 2011 filter 2011
- (-) Remove Environment & Climate Change filter Environment & Climate Change
- (-) Remove Market & Value Chain Analysis filter Market & Value Chain Analysis
- (-) Remove 2015 filter 2015
The purpose of this literature review is to provide qualitative and quantitative examples of technologies, constraints and incentives for efficient waste treatment and reuse in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. We present relevant case studies and expert observations and experiences on the nutrient content in urine and feces, contaminants frequently found in untreated sludge and wastewater, waste treatment technologies that may be relevant for low-income countries, risks associated with waste reuse, benefits to resource recovery in agriculture. We further discuss reasons for waste treatment failures, including urbanization, observations on challenges with market-driven reuse in less developed countries, and examples of net-positive energy facilities in Europe and the United States. Much of the evidence presented in the literature relates to wastewater treatment processes or the sludge produced from wastewater treatment as opposed to untreated fecal sludge. However, examples of risks, failures, and opportunities for raw sludge treatment and reuse are discussed when available. In some cases, empirical evidence or case studies were not available for developing countries and alternatives are presented. Overall we found the empirical evidence on waste treatment and reuse in developing countries is quite thin.
This report presents data on selected agricultural commodities for the fourth quarter of 2010 (October through December), with summaries of the entire year where available. It provides a summary of recent changes and price trends, demand, supply, and market conditions for key agricultural commodities. We find that the fourth quarter of 2010 was characterized by higher global commodity prices. Food prices are coming out of a two-year period of relatively low price inflation due to the global recession, however increased global trade, some increased consumer demand, and higher energy and food production costs are likely to continue boosting prices as the world emerges from recession. Grains, oilseeds and coffee lead in the gains in commodity prices. Stocks generally remain low and severe weather including floods in Australia, drought in Russia, and bad weather in South America has contributed to several significant supply interruptions. Current futures prices suggest that commodity prices will continue to rise in the short-term.
- « first
- ‹ previous
- 1
- 2
- 3